Debian 10 - 11 및 Ubuntu 20.04에 Perfect Server 자동 ISPConfig 3 설치
이 가이드는 Debian 10, Debian 11 및 Ubuntu 20.04 모두에서 작동하며, 현재 ARM은 지원되지 않는 x86_64(AMD64라고도 함) CPU 아키텍처만 지원합니다. 호스트 이름인 server1.example.com을 사용하겠습니다. 필요한 경우 교체하십시오. 이 가이드에는 새로 설치되고 비어 있는 기본 OS가 필요하므로 이미 다른 서비스를 구성한 시스템에서 사용하지 마십시오.
1. 서버에 로그인
루트로 로그인하거나 실행
su -
to become the root user on your server before you proceed. IMPORTANT: You must use 'su -' and not just 'su', otherwise your PATH variable is set wrong by Debian.
2. 호스트 이름 및 호스트 구성
The hostname of your server should be a subdomain like "server1.example.com". Do not use a domain name without a subdomain part like "example.com" as hostname as this will cause problems later with your setup. First, you should check the hostname in /etc/hosts and change it when necessary. The line should be: "IP Address - space - full hostname incl. domain - space - subdomain part". For our hostname server1.example.com, the file shall look like this (some lines may be different, it can differ per hosting provider):
nano /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
# This line should be changed to the correct servername:
127.0.1.1 server1.example.com server1
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
Then edit the /etc/hostname file:
nano /etc/hostname
It shall contain only the subdomain part, in our case:
server1
Finally, reboot the server to apply the change:
systemctl reboot
Log in again and check if the hostname is correct now with these commands:
hostname
hostname -f
The output shall be like this:
[email protected]:~$ hostname
server1
[email protected]:~$ hostname -f
server1.example.com
You will also have to set up a DNS record with your DNS provider that points to your server. There should be a A (and/or AAAA) record for the subdomain that points to your public IP.
3. 시스템 업데이트
To update the system packages, run the command:
apt update && apt upgrade
4. 자동 설치 프로그램 실행
We can now run the auto-installer. The basic setup contains the following software packages (plus their dependencies of course): Apache2, PHP (versions 5.6 - 8.0), MariaDB, Postfix, Dovecot, Rspamd, BIND, Jailkit, Roundcube, PHPMyAdmin, Mailman, Webalizer, AWStats and GoAccess. You can easily choose not to use certain functions or install extra services by passing arguments to the installer. You can view all arguments with:
wget -O - https://get.ispconfig.org | sh -s -- --help
You can now run the script with arguments. For example, if you want a normal install with a port range for Passive FTP + unattended-upgrades, run:
wget -O - https://get.ispconfig.org | sh -s -- --use-ftp-ports=40110-40210 --unattended-upgradesWARNING! This script will reconfigure your complete server!
It should be run on a freshly installed server and all current configuration that you have done will most likely be lost!
Type 'yes' if you really want to continue:
Answer "yes" and hit enter. The installer will now start.
When the installer is finished it will show you the ISPConfig admin and MySQL root password like this:
[INFO] Your ISPConfig admin password is: 5GvfSSSYsdfdYC
[INFO] Your MySQL root password is: kkAkft82d!kafMwqxdtYs
Make sure you write this information down, as you will need them later.
5. 방화벽 설정
The last thing to do is to set up our firewall.
Log in to the ISPConfig UI, and go to System -> Firewall. Then click "Add new firewall record".
For a normal setup, it would look like this:
TCP:
20,21,22,25,80,443,40110:40210,110,143,465,587,993,995,53,8080,8081
UDP:
53
The necessary ports for every service are:
Web: 20, 21, 22, 80, 443 and 40110:40210 (All TCP, no UDP)
Mail: 25, 110, 143, 465, 587, 993, and 995 (All TCP, no UDP)
DNS: 53 (TCP and UDP)
Panel: 8080 and 8081 (All TCP, no UDP)
Your server is now set up and ready for use. You can log in at https://server1.example.com:8080
6. 고급 옵션
The auto-installer has various command-line options to fine-tune the setup. You can e.g. choose between Apache and Nginx webserver and which services shall be installed on the system. The command-line arguments are:
Usage: ispc3-ai.sh [] [...] This script automatically installs all needed packages for an ISPConfig 3 setup using the guidelines from the "Perfect Server Setup" howtos on www..com. Possible arguments are: --help Show this help page --debug Enable verbose logging (logs each command with the exit code) --channel Choose the channel to use for ISPConfig. --channel=<stable|dev> "stable" is the latest ISPConfig release available on www.ispconfig.org "dev" is the latest stable-branch from the ISPConfig git repository: https://git.ispconfig.org/ispconfig/ispconfig3/tree/stable-3.1 -> The dev channel might contain bugs and less-tested features and should only be used in production by very experienced users. --lang Use language for ISPConfig installation. Specify with --lang=en|de (only en (English) and de (German) supported currently). --interactive Don't install ISPConfig in non-interactive mode. This is needed if you want to use expert mode, e. g. to install a slave server that shall be integrated into an existing multiserver setup. --use-nginx Use nginx webserver instead of apache2 --use-amavis Use amavis instead of rspamd for mail filtering --use-unbound Use unbound instead of bind9 for local resolving. Only allowed if --no-dns is set. --use-php Use specific PHP versions, comma separated, instead of installing multiple PHP, e.g. --use-php=7.4,8.0 (5.6, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 and 8.0 available). --use-php=system disables the sury repository and just installs the system's default PHP version. ommiting the argument (use all versions) --use-ftp-ports This option sets the passive port range for pure-ftpd. You have to specify the port range separated by hyphen, e. g. --use-ftp-ports=40110-40210. If not provided the passive port range will not be configured. --use-certbot Use Certbot instead of acme.sh for issuing Let's Encrypt certificates. Not adviced unless you are migrating from a old server that uses Certbot. --no-web Do not use ISPConfig on this server to manage webserver setting and don't install nginx/apache or pureftpd. This will also prevent installing an ISPConfig UI and implies --no-roundcube as well as --no-pma --no-mail Do not use ISPConfig on this server to manage mailserver settings. This will install postfix for sending system mails, but not dovecot and not configure any settings for ISPConfig mail. It implies --no-mailman. --no-dns Do not use ISPConfig on this server to manage DNS entries. Bind will be installed for local DNS caching / resolving only. --no-local-dns Do not install local DNS caching / resolving via bind. --no-firewall Do not install ufw and tell ISPConfig to not manage firewall settings on this server. --no-roundcube Do not install roundcube webmail. --roundcube Install Roundcube even when --no-mail is used. Manual configuration of Roundcube config is needed. --no-pma Do not install PHPMyAdmin on this server. --no-mailman Do not install Mailman mailing list manager. --no-quota Disable file system quota --no-ntp Disable NTP setup --unattended-upgrades Install UnattendedUpgrades. You can add extra arguments for automatic cleanup and automatic reboots when necessary with --unattended-upgrades=autoclean,reboot (or only one of them). --i-know-what-i-am-doing Prevent the autoinstaller to ask for confirmation before continuing to reconfigure the server.
For example, to install a 'Perfect Server' like setup with Nginx instead of Apache, use this command:
wget -O - https://get.ispconfig.org | sh -s -- --use-nginx --use-ftp-ports=40110-40210 --unattended-upgradeswget -O - https://get.ispconfig.org | sh -s -- --use-nginx --no-dns --no-mail --use-ftp-ports=40110-40210 --unattended-upgrades7. 마무리
이제 설정이 완료되었습니다!
설명서를 구입하여 ISPConfig를 지원할 수 있습니다. https://www.ispconfig.org/documentation/
다음 링크는 추가 설정을 위한 몇 가지 유용한 자습서/포인터입니다.
8 가상 머신으로 다운로드
이 설정은 구독자를 위해 ova/ovf 형식(VMWare 및 Virtualbox와 호환)으로 가상 머신 다운로드로 사용할 수 있습니다. 가상 머신은 Debian 11을 기반으로 하며 Apache를 웹 서버로 사용합니다.
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